Retrospective Analysis of Mortality and Morbidity Among Children Under Five in Three Local Government Areas of Borno State, Nigeria, 2018–2019

Abstract

This study assesses the morbidity of the Under-fives (U5), the Under-five mortality and Crude mortality rates (U5MR and CMR) in three selected Local Governments Areas (LGAs) of Borno State, through determining the prevalence of diarrhea, Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) and episodes of malaria, assessing the routine polio vaccination coverage among children aged 3 to 59 months, measles vaccination coverage among children aged 9 to 59 months and vitamin A supplementation coverage within the last 6 months prior to survey period among children aged 6 to 59. The crude and under-five mortality rates were assessed among children and the general population retrospectively (over the past three and a half months). In this study, 385, 528, and 610 households were interviewed in Bama, Dikwa, and Ngala, respectively. In all, 4, 46, and 117 deaths were reported, respectively, among all the approximately 911, 1333, and 1347 randomly surveyed individuals in the respective LGAs. Out of this number, 0 (0.0%) , 9 (19.6%) and 3(2.6%) deaths occurred among children less than 5years of age in the respective  locations, the Crude Mortality Rate (CMR) and U5 (under-five) mortality rates were 0.47, 3.71and 9.34/10,000/day and 0.0, 3.07 and 1.12/10,000/day respectively in the three LGAs. They were calculated using the number of deaths during the recall period as the numerator and the midpoint population as the denominator. Their respective population pyramids are also presented.