Production of Activated carbon derived from Banana peel for the removal of Cd2+ and Cr6+ in Brewery wastewater
Keywords:
Environmental pollution, Cd2 and Cr3 brewery waste water, remediation, adsorption, activated charcoal, banana peelAbstract
Communication in Physical Sciences 2018, 3(1): 76-84
Received 24 January 2018/Accepted 26 December 2018
Heavy metal pollution of waste water has significant impact on the environment. This study was designed to investigate the use of activated carbon produced from local raw materials (banana peels) for the adsorption of Cd2+ and Cr6+ from waste water discharge from Brewery industry. Batch adsorption experiment was used for the study and the results obtained indicated that the adsorption increases linearly with increase in temperature, which pointed toward chemisorption mechanism. Initial increase succeeded by decrease after critical values were observed for influence of pH and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption. The adsorption behaviour of the cadmium and chromium ions fitted the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models, which also confirmed that the produced activated carbon adsorbed cadmium ion better than chromium ion
Downloads
References
Abram, J. C. (1973): The characteristics of activated carbon. Proceeding of Activated Carbon in Water Treatment, Walter Research Association, University of Reading, pp. 1-29.
Acharya, J., Sahu, J. N., Mohanty, C. R. & Meikap, B. C. (2009): Removal of lead(II) from wastewater by activated carbon developed from tamarind wood by zinc chloride activation. Chemical Engineering Journal, . Eng. J. 149, pp. 249-262.
Adedirin, O., Adamu, U. & Eddy, N. O. (2011a). Removal of Cd (II) from solution using Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli immobilized in agarose gel: equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamic study. Archives of Applied Science Research, 3, 2, pp. 59-76.
Adedirin, O., Adamu, U. & Eddy, N. O. (2011b). Biosoprption of Cr(IV) and Ni(II) from aqueous solution onto Bacillus subtillis immobilized in agarose gel. Der Chemica Sinica 2, 5, pp. 173-188.
Bansal, R. C. & Goyal, M. (2005): Activated Carbon Adsorption. Taylor and Francis Group, London, pp. 351-353.
Battle, I. & Tous, J. In Carob Tree (1997). International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy.
Bhatti, N. H,., Hanif, M. A., Nadeema, R., Ahmada, N. R. & Ansari, T. M. (2007). Ni(II) biosorption by Cassia fistula (golden shower) biomass. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 139, pp. 345-355.
Boekx, R. L. (1986): Lead poisoning in children. Analytical Chemistry, 46, pp. 145-151.
Bryce-Smith, D.; Desphamde, R. R.; Hughes, J.; Waddron, H. A.(1997). Lead and cadmium levels in still-birth. Laucet. 23, pp. 325-332.
Butter, T. J.; Evison, L. M.; Hancock, I. C.; Holland, F. C.; Matis, K. A.; Philipson, A., Sheikh, A. I.; Zouboulis, A. I. (1998): The removal and recovery of cadmium from dilute aqueous solutions by biosorption and electrolysis at laboratory scale. Water Research , 32, pp. 400-406.
Clarkson, T. W. & Marsh, D. O. (1976). The toxicity of methyl mercury in man: Dose-response relationship in adult populations. Paediatrics Research, 12, pp. 246-249.
Corapcioglu, M. O. & Huang, C. P. (1987). The adsorption of heavy metals onto hydrous activated carbon. Journal of Water research, 21, pp. 1031-1044.
Dakiky, M.., Khamis, M., Manassra, A. & Mer’eb, M. (2002). Selective adsorption of chromium (VI) in industrial wastewater using low-cost abundantly available adsorbents. Advanced In Environmental Research, 6, pp. 533-540.
Eddy, N. O. & Ekop, A. S. (2005). Study on the adsorption capacity of some animal shells for heavy metals. African Journal of Environmental Pollution and Health, 4, 1, pp. 33-37.
Eddy, N. O. & Odoemelam, S. A. (2009). Modelling of the adsorption of Zn2+ from aqueous solution by modified and unmodified tiger nut shell. African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 3, 8, pp. 145-151.
Eddy, N. O. (2009). Modelling of the adsorption of Zn2+ from aqueous solution by modified and unmodified Cyperus esculentus shell. Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agriculture. & Food Chemistry, 8, 11, pp. 1177-1185.
Ekop, A. S. & Eddy, N. O. (2009). Adsorption of Pb2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+ from aqueous solution by Helix aspera shell. E. Journal of Chemistry, 6, 4, pp. 1-6.
Ekwemengbo, P. A., Eddy, N. O. & Omoniyi, I. K. (2011). Heavy metals concentrations of water and sediments in oil exploration zone of Nigeria. Proceeding of the 15th International Conference on Heavy metals (15th ICHMET), pp. 579-582.
Erickson, M. M., Poklis, A., Dickson, A. W. & Hillman, L. S. (1983). Tissue mineral levels in victims of sudden infants death syndrome: Toxic metals lead and cadmium. Paediatrics Research,17, pp. 1779-1791.
Essien, N. B. & Eddy, N. O. (2015). Adsorption of lead and chromium ions from aqueous solution using Sorghum waste. International Journal of Engineering and Research, 3, 6, pp. 662-672.
Gupta, S.; Babu, B. V. (2005): Adsorption of Chromium (VI) by a Low-cost Adsorbent Prepared from Tamarind Seeds. Chemical Engineering Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Rajasthan, India,
Gupta, V. K. & Rastogi, A. (2007). Biosorption of lead from aqueous solutions by green algae spirogyra species: Kinetics and equilibrum studies. Journal of Colloid and Interfacial Sciences, 296, pp. 59-63.
Hanafiah, M. A., Ibrahim, S. C. & Yahaya, M. Z. A. (2006). Equilibrium, adsorption study of lead ions onto sodium hydroxide modified lalang (Imperata cylindrical) leaf powder. Journal of Applied Science Research, 2, pp. 1169-1174.
Horsfall, M. & Abia, A. (2003). Sorption of Cd(II) and Zn(II) ions from aqueous solutions by cassava waste biomass. Journal of Water Research, 37, pp. 4913-4923.
Kratochvil, D. & Volesky, B. (1998): Advances in the biosorption of heavy metals. Trends Biotechnol. 16, pp. 291-300.
Mackay, D. M. & Roberts, P. V. (1982). The influence of pyrolysis conditions on the subsequent gasification of lignocellulosic chars. Carbon 20, pp. 105-111.
Monika, J., Garg, V. & Kardirvelu, K. (2009). Chromium (VI) removal from aqueous solution using sunflower stem waste. Journal of Hazardous Materials,162, pp. 365-372.
Nazar, D. T., Luqman, C. A., Zawani, Z. & Suraya, A. R. (2008). Adsorption of copper from aqueous solution by Elais guineensis kernel activated carbon. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 3, pp. 180-189.
Odoemelam, S. A. & Eddy, N. O. (2009). Studies on the use of oyster, snail and periwinkle shells as adsorbents for the removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solution. Electronic Journal of Chemistry, 6, pp. 213-222.
Odoemelam, S. A., Emeh, N. U. and Eddy, N. O. (2018). Experimental and computational Chemistry studies on the removal of methylene blue and malachite green dyes from aqueous solution by neem (Azadiractha indica) leaves. Journal of Taibah University of Science 12, 3, pp. 255–265.
Odoemelam, S. A., Ogoko, E. C., Ita, B. I. and Eddy, N. O. (2009). Inhibition of the corrosion of zinc in H2SO4 By 9-deoxy-9a-aza9a-methyl-9a-homoerythromycin A (azithromycin). Portugaliae Electrochimica acta, 27, 1, pp. 57-68.
Okwunodulu, F. U. and Eddy, N. O. (2014). Equilibrium and thermodynamic consideration of Cd2+, Ni2+ and Pb2+ removal from aqueous solution onto treated and untreated Cola nitida waste biomass. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR). 2, 3, pp. 567-569.
Oladunmi, N., Paul, O. A., Gideon W. & Jude, C. O. (2012). Adsorption of cadmium (II) and chromium (VI) ions from aqueoussolution by activated Locust Bean Husk. International Journal of Modern Chemistry, 3, 1, pp. 51-64.
Olayinka, O. K., Oyedeji, O. A. & Oyeyiola, O. A. (2009). Removal of chromium and nickel ions from aqueous solution by adsorption on modified coconut husk. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 3, pp. 286-293.
Saradhi, B. V., Rao, S. R. K., Kumar, Y. P., Vijetha, P., Rao, K.V. & Kalyami, G. (2010). Applicability of Langmuir and Freundlich theory for biosorption of chromium from aqueous solution using test of sea urchins. International Journal of Chemical Engineering Research, . 2, pp. 139-148.
Shakirullah, M., Habib-ur-Rehman, I. A., Sher, G. & Hameedullah, S. (2006). Sorption studies of nickel ions onto sawdust of Dalbergiasissoo. Journal of Chiness Chemical Society, 53, pp. 1045-1052.
Uchechukwu, O. F., Azubuike, O. S., Odoemelam, S. A., Eddy, N. O. (2018). Kolanut pod husk: a potential biosorbent for Cd2+, Ni2+ and Pb2+. African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research, 1, 2, pp. 1-9.
Uchechukwu, O. F., , Azubuike, O. S & Eddy, N. O. (2015). Temperature and pH influence in sequestering cadmium, nickel and lead ions from synthetic wastewater using fluted pumpkin seed coat. Journal of Molecular Studies and Medicine Research, 1, 1, pp. 34-40
Wyasu, G. (2016). Production and characterization of some lignocellelosic Biomass based carbon adsorbent for solid phase adsorption. A PhD theses submitted to the School of Postgraduate Studies, Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
Zare, E. N., Lakouraj, M. M. & Ramezani, A. (2014). Effective adsorption of heavy metal cations by superparamagnetic poly(aniline-co-m-phenylenediamine) at Fe3O4 nanocomposite. Advances in Polymer Technology, 34, 3, doi: 10.1002/adv.21501
Zvinowanda, C. M., Okonkwo, J. O., Shabalala, P. N. & Agyei, N. M. (2009). A novel adsorbent for heavy metal remediation in aqueous environments. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 6, pp. 425-434.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2010 The Journal and the author
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
