GC-MS Characterization and Anti-Anaemic/Haematological Activity of Ethanol Extract of Solanum Aethiopicum Leaves

Abstract

We aimed to investigate the GC-MS analysis of the ethanolic leaf extract of Solanum aethiopicum and assess the effect of the extract on haematological parameters in PHZ-induced anaemia in rats. The rats used in the study were divided into five groups. Group 1 served as normal control and received food and distilled water throughout the experiment, group II stood for anaemia-induced rats serving as a negative control, group III represented anaemia-induced rats that received 5 mg/kg of the standard drug (ferrous sulphate), groups IV and V were anaemiainduced rats that were administered 200 and 400 mg/kg of S. aethiopicum ethanolic leaf extract respectively. GC-MS analyses of the ethanol leaf extract revealed 15 bioactive compounds, most of which have antioxidant and other biological potentials. PHZ reduced the level of the haematological parameters: packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) count indices, haemoglobin (Hb) level, mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) except for white blood cell count (WBC). The ethanolic leaf extract of S. aethiopicum extract though dose-dependent reversed the decrease in the haematological parameters indicating that the plant has anti-anaemic/haemolytic properties.