Risk Assessment of Selected Metallic Pollutants in Fish from Zuru dam, Kebbi State, Nigeria
Keywords:
Environmental metallic pollutants, Fish, Zuru Dam, Hazard index (HI)Abstract
This study investigates the concentration of metallic pollutants in fish samples from Zuru Dam and assesses the potential health risks associated with consuming these fish. Six fish samples, comprising three catfish and three tilapia, were collected from local fishermen. The concentration of metals, including iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), lead (Pb), and potassium (K), was analyzed using the Atomic Absorption Spectrometric (AAS) technique. The results showed varying concentrations of Fe, Zn, and Cu, with Fe levels ranging from 7.85 ± 0.21 (CF2) to 128.5 ± 9.19 (TG3), Zn ranging from 8.75 ± 0.25 (CF2) to 42.321 ± 0.11 (CG1), and Cu found to be below detection limits (BDL) in several samples. The concentration of Cr, Co, Pb, and K also varied, with some samples showing detectable levels of these metals. Comparison with World Health Organization (WHO) tolerance limits revealed that Fe and Zn concentrations exceeded the acceptable limits, while Cu and K were well below their respective limits. Chromium and cobalt concentrations were within the WHO limits, except for a few samples, while Pb was only detected in TG1. The analysis showed significant differences (P < 0.05) in the concentrations of Cu, Cr, and Pb, indicating distinct pollution sources for these metals. Health risk assessment based on the Hazard Index (HI) indicated that adult consumers of certain fish samples, such as TG3, CG3, CG1, CG2, CF2, TG1, and TF1, may be at high risk of health problems due to the contamination, with HI values greater than 5. For children, HI values exceeding 1 in some samples suggested moderate health risks, particularly in TF2, TG1, CG1, and CG3. This study highlights the presence of significant heavy metal contamination in fish from Zuru Dam, posing health risks to consumers, particularly children and adults who consume high-risk samples. The findings underscore the need for regular monitoring of metal concentrations in the region and the implementation of pollution control measures. Public awareness programs should be initiated to inform local populations about the potential health risks associated with consuming contaminated fish, especially for vulnerable groups such as children. Further research is recommended to identify the specific sources of contamination and the long-term impacts on the aquatic ecosystem and human health.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Similar Articles
- Sameul Awolumat, Baernadette Tosan Fregene, Temporal Variability and Predictors of Fish Catch (2009-2011) in the Niger and Benue Rivers: Implications for Contemporary Natural Resources Management in Kogi State, Nigeria , Communication In Physical Sciences: Vol. 11 No. 4 (2024): VOLUME 11 ISSUE 4
- Akanimo Edet Jonah, Stevens Azubuike Odoemelam, Marc Ogbuagu, Assessment of Gaseous Pollutants, Particulate Matter and Meteorological Parameters Around Ibom Power Plant in Ikot Abasi Local Government Area Of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria , Communication In Physical Sciences: Vol. 11 No. 4 (2024): VOLUME 11 ISSUE 4
- Akanimo Edet Jonah, Stevens Azubuike Odoemelam, Marc Ogbuagu, Assessment of Gaseous Pollutants, Particulate Matter and Meteorological Parameters Around Ibom Power Plant in Ikot Abasi Local Government Area Of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria , Communication In Physical Sciences: Vol. 11 No. 4 (2024): VOLUME 11 ISSUE 4
- Samuel Awolumate, Aderonke Nana Agbo, Nutrient Retention and Feed Utilization Efficiency in Clarias gariepinus: The Role of Lysine and Methionine in Enhancing Protein Deposition and Reducing Nitrogen Waste , Communication In Physical Sciences: Vol. 12 No. 3 (2025): VOLUME 12 ISSUE 3
- Blessing Ebong, Review on Microplastic-Polymer Composite Interactions: Assessing Contaminant Adsorption, Structural Integrity, and Environmental Impacts , Communication In Physical Sciences: Vol. 12 No. 3 (2025): VOLUME 12 ISSUE 3
- Faith Osaretin Osabuohien, Review of the Environmental Impact of Polymer Degradation , Communication In Physical Sciences: Vol. 2 No. 1 (2017): VOLUME 2 ISSUE 1
- Bertha Onyenachi Akagbue, Mark Ndako Ibrahim, Oseigbovo Favour Ofure, Oluwaiye Unity Ekugbe, Onah Kyrian, Chibuzor Titus Amaobichukwu, Mu’awiya Baba Aminu, Pam Dajack Dung, Suleiman Isa Babale, Sadiq Mohammed Salisu, Comprehensive Assessment and Remediation Strategies for Air Pollution: Current Trends and Future Prospects; A Case Study in Bompai Industrial Area, Kano State, Nigeria. , Communication In Physical Sciences: Vol. 10 No. 1 (2023): VOLUME 10 ISSUE 1
- Emeka Chima Ogoko, Aletan, Uduak Irene, Osu Charles Ikenna, Henrietta Ijeoma Kelle, Nnamdi Ibezim Ogoko, Heavy Metal Status and Health Risks Assessment of Some Local Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Beverages Consumed in Aba, Nigeria , Communication In Physical Sciences: Vol. 11 No. 4 (2024): VOLUME 11 ISSUE 4
- Emeka Chima Ogoko, Aletan, Uduak Irene, Osu Charles Ikenna, Henrietta Ijeoma Kelle, Nnamdi Ibezim Ogoko, Heavy Metal Status and Health Risks Assessment of Some Local Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Beverages Consumed in Aba, Nigeria , Communication In Physical Sciences: Vol. 11 No. 4 (2024): VOLUME 11 ISSUE 4
- Uba Sani, Abdulkadir Ibrahim, Akande, Esther Oluwatoyosi, John, Oghenetega Mercy, Murtala, Mohammed Rumah, Assessment of Surface Water Quality in Zaria Metropolis: Implications for Environmental Health and Sustainable Management , Communication In Physical Sciences: Vol. 11 No. 3 (2024): VOLUME 11 ISSUE 3
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.